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In a convenience sample of newly arrived western, central, and eastern African refugees to Australia, 20% had ferritin levels that indicated iron deficiency. If iron deficiency has not been longstanding or severe, frank anemia may not result, but changes in red blood cell morphology, including microcytosis (low mean corpuscular volume) and increased red cell distribution width (RDW), may be noted. Helicobacter pylori infections may lead to gastrointestinal blood loss through ulcer formation. Chronic blood loss, which frequently adds to iron deficiency, is commonly caused by infection with intestinal parasites, particularly hookworm. Although IDA is frequently multifactorial, it is primarily caused by deficient dietary iron. The groups most commonly affected are children and women 7 however, refugees of both sexes and all age groups are at risk. IDA, probably the most common cause of anemia in immigrant populations, is usually manifested as a microcytic anemia ( Table 2). The complete evaluation of anemia in refugees is beyond this scope of this document, but common causes and initial testing are discussed below and summarized in Table 2. The ultimate cause is often multifactorial 6 therefore, the clinician needs to consider multiple conditions whenever anemia is detected. Common causes of anemia in refugee populations include iron deficiency, inherited hematologic abnormalities (e.g., thalassemias, hemoglobinopathies, enzyme defects), and infectious diseases (e.g., malaria, intestinal parasitosis). 5Īnemia may result from a wide range of disease processes. 4 In addition, a study in Maine found 20% of 127 refugee children were anemic at the time of their new-arrival medical evalution. In Massachusetts, with a rate of 29% among children under 2 years. 2 3 Anemia was identified in 12% of 1,247 refugee children The prevalence of anemia in selected groups of newly arrived populations has ranged from 19% among African refugees resettling in Australia to 37% among Southeast Asian refugees resettling in the United States. Newly arrived refugees of all ages and ethnicities.Īnemia is a common finding in refugees of all ages and ethnicities. Cardiovascular and Lipid Disorder Screening.
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